History: 70 year old male with shortness of breath and cough. 

Single frontal chest radiograph demonstrates a moderate sized left pleural effusion, enlarged cardiac silhouette and possible left lower lung consolidation.
Single frontal chest radiograph demonstrates a moderate sized left pleural effusion, enlarged cardiac silhouette and possible left lower lung consolidation.

The differential diagnosis for unilateral pleural effusion includes parapneumonic effusion, neoplasms such as mesothelioma, primary lung cancer, pleural metastases, lymphoma, other entities such as cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and trauma. This patient had a parapneumonic effusion.

6 responses to “Unilateral Pleural Effusion – Differential Diagnosis”

  1. […] these tumors have a poor prognosis, with an approximately 25% 5 year survival rate. Notice the pleural effusions in the patient above, which may be malignant effusions. Extraskeletal osteosarcomas may be […]

  2. […] findings to look for in the case of penetrating trauma to the chest include pneumothorax, pleural effusion (which indicates hemothorax), widened mediastinum indicating injury to the vascular pedicle, […]

  3. […] – contralateral lung has increased density or opacity (such as posterior layering of a pleural effusion in the supine patient) R – rotation of the patient causing less attenuation of the x-ray beam […]

  4. […] is the appearance of an empyema on a lateral decubitus chest radiograph. Pleural effusions are classified as either transudative (simple fluid) or exudative (complex fluid containing pus, […]

  5. […] is the appearance of an empyema on a lateral decubitus chest radiograph. Pleural effusions are classified as either transudative (simple fluid) or exudative (complex fluid containing pus, […]

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