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History: Child with left arm pain. This is a left humeral diaphysis or humerus shaft fracture. In fractures of the humerus shaft it is imperative to assess for radial nerve injury. The radial nerve courses along the spiral groove of the humerus and can be damaged with humeral shaft fractures. This humeral shaft fracture has … Continue reading
History: 2 year old child refusing to bear weight. This is a fracture of the right femoral diaphysis in a two year old patient. These usually heal very well, but it is important to monitor the child for blood loss and compartment syndrome because of the possibility of adjacent vascular injury to the femoral artery.
History: Child with reported swallowed foreign body. This is a case of a swallowed battery, which is an urgent finding that needs to be reported immediately to the referring clinician for endoscopic removal. Read about distinguishing batteries from other similar appearing foreign bodies such as coins here. Below is a penny in the esophagus.
History: Child with cough. This is the appearance of an empyema on a lateral decubitus chest radiograph. Pleural effusions are classified as either transudative (simple fluid) or exudative (complex fluid containing pus, blood, or protein). On ultrasound, transudative pleural effusions are anechoic and simple appearing, whereas exudative pleural effusions are complex appearing with echogenic debris and … Continue reading
History: Child with cough. What is your diagnosis? Comment and share below!
History: Child with multiple urinary tract infections. This is a case of vesicoureteral reflux with a completely duplicated right collecting system. Vesicoureteral reflux is graded as follows: 1. Grade 1 – reflux into a normal caliber ureter only 2. Grade 2 – reflux into the ureter, renal pelvis, and calyces with out dilatation 3. Grade … Continue reading
History: child with history of urinary tract infections. What is your diagnosis for this child with a history of multiple urinary tract infections? Comment and share below!
History: 16 year old female with knee pain. This is the appearance of an avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle, which occurs when the patellar tendon pulls a piece of bone off of the tibia. This is an acute injury where the apophyseal ossification center becomes displaced, as opposed to chronic repetitive stress injuries at … Continue reading
History: 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain. This is a case of epididymitis-orchitis, which is also referred to as epididymoorchitis or acute scrotum. Epididymoorchitis is an infection of the testicle and epididymis. Orchitis alone is much less common. Ultrasound is the gold standard of diagnosis, and it classically appears as hypoechoic enlargement of the … Continue reading
History: 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain. What is your differential diagnosis for these findings in this 5 year old boy with left scrotal pain? Comment and share below!
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